功热交换网络综合的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1802

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

功和热是化工工业中使用能源的两种最主要方式，由于流股压力、温度操作需要消耗大量的功热，因此研究功热的协同利用对于提高过程整体能源利用率具有重要的意义。本文首先概述了基于热力学分析的功热交换网络综合的研究情况，以系统?耗最小为目标探讨压缩机、膨胀机优化配置与换热网络用能瓶颈的耦合关系，揭示了功热协同利用的作用机制。然后系统地总结了以年度总费用最小为目标的数学规划模型综合功热交换网络的研究进展，探寻压力操作路径、流股功/热交换匹配、公用工程消耗量及设备投资之间的有效权衡；最后对后续研究进行展望，指出可进一步探究考虑流股冷热性质判定的功热交换网络同步综合、公用工程系统优化与功热交换网络同步设计的耦合等。

关键词: 功交换网络, 换热网络, ?耗, 热力学, 经济, 综合, 优化

Abstract:

Since streams pressure and temperature manipulations consume large amount of work and heat, as two main forms of energy utilized in chemical industries, it is of vital significance for their cooperative utilization to improve the overall energy efficiency. Firstly, the researches on work and heat exchange network synthesis (WHENS) based on thermodynamic analysis were summarized, where the interaction mechanism of work and heat was revealed by investigating the coupling relationship between the optimization for placement of compressors /expanders and the bottleneck of heat exchange network (HEN) at the lowest exergy consumption. Afterwards, the research progresses of WHENS based on mathematical programming formulations aiming at the minimum total annual cost were systematically summarized to expound the efficient trade-off among pressure manipulation routes, work /heat exchange between streams, utility consumption and capital expenditure. Finally, the future researches were prospected, which focus on the simultaneous synthesis of work and heat exchange network considering the identification for cold/hot identity of streams, and combines the simultaneous design of work and heat exchange network with the optimization of utility system.

Key words: work exchange network, heat exchange network, exergy consumption, thermodynamics, economics, synthesis, optimization

中图分类号:

TQ021.8

杨蕊, 庄钰, 刘琳琳, 张磊, 都健. 功热交换网络综合的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(06): 2550-2558.

Rui YANG, Yu ZHUANG, Linlin LIU, Lei ZHANG, Jian DU. Research progress on work and heat exchange network synthesis[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(06): 2550-2558.

图/表 7

图1 ?总组合曲线

表1 前提假设

压缩机或膨胀机与低温HEN的耦合	压缩机或膨胀机与高温HEN的耦合
只有一条流股膨胀/压缩，只使用一种温位的冷公用工程	只有一条流股膨胀/压缩，只使用一种温位的热公用工程
膨胀机/压缩机的多变效率η是一个常数	膨胀机/压缩机的多变效率η是一个常数
流股为理想气体，绝热指数恒定（ $k = c p / c v$ ）	流股为理想气体，绝热指数恒定（ $k = c p / c v$ ）
热公用工程?可忽略	冷公用工程?可忽略

表1 前提假设

压缩机或膨胀机与低温HEN的耦合	压缩机或膨胀机与高温HEN的耦合
只有一条流股膨胀/压缩，只使用一种温位的冷公用工程	只有一条流股膨胀/压缩，只使用一种温位的热公用工程
膨胀机/压缩机的多变效率η是一个常数	膨胀机/压缩机的多变效率η是一个常数
流股为理想气体，绝热指数恒定（ $k = c p / c v$ ）	流股为理想气体，绝热指数恒定（ $k = c p / c v$ ）
热公用工程?可忽略	冷公用工程?可忽略

图2 压力操作前后的组合曲线图

图3 压缩和膨胀之间热集成的总组合曲线

图4 潜在夹点图

图5 氮气的布雷顿循环

图6 分离二氧化碳的两阶段膜法（1bar=0.1MPa）

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