氢能供应链成本分析及建议

张轩; 樊昕晔; 吴振宇; 郑丽君

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1062

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氢能供应链成本分析及建议

能源加工与技术 | 更新时间：2022-05-24

- 氢能供应链成本分析及建议
- Hydrogen energy supply chain cost analysis and suggestions
- 化工进展 2022年41卷第5期页码：2364-2371
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国石油技术开发有限公司，北京 100028
  2.中国石油石油化工研究院, 北京 102200
- 作者简介：
  
  张轩（1987—），男，博士，工程师，研究方向为石油化工和新能源。E-mail：zhangx@cptdc.cnpc.com.cn。
  郑丽君，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事新材料跟踪研究及炼化知识产权管理。E-mail：zhenglijun@petrochina.com.cn。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1062
  中图分类号： TQ028.1
- 收稿：2021-05-19，
  
  修回：2021-06-10，
  
  纸质出版：2022-05-05
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张轩, 樊昕晔, 吴振宇, 等. 氢能供应链成本分析及建议[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2364-2371.

ZHANG Xuan, FAN Xinye, WU Zhenyu, et al. Hydrogen energy supply chain cost analysis and suggestions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(5): 2364-2371.
张轩, 樊昕晔, 吴振宇, 等. 氢能供应链成本分析及建议[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2364-2371. DOI： 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1062.

ZHANG Xuan, FAN Xinye, WU Zhenyu, et al. Hydrogen energy supply chain cost analysis and suggestions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(5): 2364-2371. DOI： 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1062.

摘要

氢能具有能量密度高、环保清洁可再生的优势，已经成为未来能源发展的重要方向，被视为实现碳减排的必由之路。但目前氢能发展的核心问题是用氢成本过高，与电动车和传统燃油车相比没有经济优势。本文从制氢-运氢-加氢的产业链角度分析，发现电解水制氢成本远远高于化石能源制氢，且氢气的成本主要在运氢和加氢环节被抬升。文中指出：究其原因，主要由于氢气储存不易，在现有的长管拖车运输条件下，每次运输氢气量少，效率不高；同时由于燃料电池汽车数量少，每日加注量不足，叠合加氢站关键设备不能国产化，固定资产投资高导致折旧成本高，增加了氢气成本。针对这一问题，文中给出了具体降低成本建议，包括增加运氢压力以增加单次氢气运载量；加快科技攻关，关键设备国有化；突破政策限制，实现站内制氢；优化加氢站工艺，减少日常运营成本等。

Abstract

Hydrogen energy has the advantages of high energy density

environmental protection

cleanness

and renewable energy. It has become an important direction for future energy development and is regarded as the only way to a

chieve carbon emission reduction. However

the core problem of the development of hydrogen energy is that the cost of using hydrogen is too high

which has no economic advantage compared with electric vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles. From the perspective of the hydrogen production-transport-hydrogenation industrial chain

it is found that the cost of hydrogen production from electrolysis of water is much higher than that of fossil energy production. At the same time

the cost of hydrogen is mainly raised in the hydrogen transportation and hydrogenation links. This is mainly due to hydrogen storage is not easy. Under the existing long tube trailer transportation conditions

the amount of hydrogen transported each time is too small and the efficiency is not high. At the same time

because the number of fuel cell vehicles is too small

the daily filling volume is insufficient

and the key equipment of the superimposed hydrogen refueling station localization

fixed capital investment is too high

resulting in too high depreciation costs

increasing the cost of hydrogen. In response to this problem

specific suggestions for reducing costs were given

including increasing the pressure of hydrogen transportation to increase the amount of hydrogen carried per time; speeding up scientific and technological research and nationalizing key equipment; breaking through policy restrictions to achieve hydrogen production in the station; optimizing the hydrogen refueling station process

reduce daily operating costs

etc

关键词

Keywords

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