微气泡强化固定床中气泡分散特性

苏梦军; 翟霖晓; 刘剑; 郭建豪; 吴冲冲; 赵云鹏; 杨国明; 蓝兴英; 高金森; 石孝刚

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0683

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微气泡强化固定床中气泡分散特性

化工过程与装备 | 更新时间：2026-05-09

- 微气泡强化固定床中气泡分散特性
- Investigation on the enhancement of bubble dispersion characteristics in fixed-bed using microbubbles
- 化工进展 2026年45卷第4期页码：1921-1932
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中海油化工与新材料科学研究院(北京)有限公司，北京 102219
  2.中国石油大学(北京)重质油全国重点实验室，北京 102249
- 作者简介：
  
  苏梦军（1992—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为炼油化工过程强化技术、油品高效加氢技术。E-mail：sumj2@cnooc.com.cn。
  石孝刚，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为多相反应工程。E-mail：shixiaogang68@cup.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  中海油集团公司项目(KJZH-LH-2023-02);国家重点研发计划(2024YFE0212400)
- DOI：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0683
  中图分类号： TQ021.4
- 收稿：2025-05-12，
  
  修回：2025-06-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
苏梦军, 翟霖晓, 刘剑, 等. 微气泡强化固定床中气泡分散特性[J]. 化工进展, 2026, 45(4): 1921-1932.

SU Mengjun, ZHAI Linxiao, LIU Jian, et al. Investigation on the enhancement of bubble dispersion characteristics in fixed-bed using microbubbles[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2026, 45(4): 1921-1932.
苏梦军, 翟霖晓, 刘剑, 等. 微气泡强化固定床中气泡分散特性[J]. 化工进展, 2026, 45(4): 1921-1932. DOI： 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0683.

SU Mengjun, ZHAI Linxiao, LIU Jian, et al. Investigation on the enhancement of bubble dispersion characteristics in fixed-bed using microbubbles[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2026, 45(4): 1921-1932. DOI： 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0683.

摘要

汽/柴油的液相加氢工艺通常采用固定床鼓泡反应器，在该反应器中，气泡中的氢气向油品中传质缓慢是限制油品加氢反应效率的重大难题。通过采用比表面积较大的微气泡以实现气液传质强化，是提高油品液相加氢效率的重要途径。因此，深入了解固定床鼓泡反应器中的微气泡流动与分散特性是设计与优化该反应器的基础。为此，本文设计并构建了基于多孔膜微气泡发生器与固定床鼓泡反应器耦合的冷模实验体系。通过高速摄像技术与自主开发的图像处理算法相结合，定量表征了不同流动模式对气泡分散特性的影响规律，并对比分析了微气泡与毫米气泡在反应器内的流动特性差异。研究结果表明：相较于下行式和逆流式两种流动方式，上行式流动方式可以有效提升床层中微气泡的分散程度，使整体气含率和气液有效界面面积得到显著提高；随床层高度的增加，微气泡尺寸逐渐增加，说明催化剂颗粒床层对微气泡有一定的聚并效应；与传统毫米气泡相比，在采用微气泡时，反应器气含率和相界面面积更高，具有极高的气液传质潜力；与球形催化剂颗粒床层相比，三叶草形催化剂颗粒的床层会导致严重的气泡聚并现象，削弱微气泡的传质强化潜力，这也为反应器中催化剂颗粒结构特性的筛选提供了指引。

Abstract

Liquid-phase hydrogenation of gasoline and diesel typically employs fixed-bed bubbling reactors

where slow mass transfer of hydrogen from bubbles i

nto the oil phase constitutes a major bottleneck limiting reaction efficiency. Enhancing gas-liquid mass transfer

via

microbubbles with high specific surface area represents a critical pathway to improve hydrogenation performance. Therefore

the fundamental understanding of microbubble flow and dispersion behavior in such reactors is essential for their design and optimization. To this end

an experimental setup integrating a porous-membrane microbubble generator with a fixed bed bubbling reactor was designed. By combining high-speed camera with a custom-developed image-processing algorithm

the effects of different flow regimes on bubble dispersion were quantitatively characterized and the different flow behaviors between microbubbles and millimeter bubbles were compared. It was found that the upflow operation significantly enhanced microbubble dispersion compared to downflow and countercurrent flow patterns

leading to markedly increased overall gas holdup and gas-liquid interfacial area. Microbubble size gradually increased with height

indicating the catalyst bed can lead to bubble coalescence. Compared to the conventional millimeter bubbles

microbubbles could provide superior interfacial area

indicating exceptional potential for intensifying mass transfer. In addition

it was found that the clover-shaped catalyst particles promoted severe bubble coalescence compared to spherical particles

thereby diminishing the mass transfer enhancement potential of microbubbles. This insight provides critical guidance for optimizing the geometry structures of catalyst in such reactors.

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references

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